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Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features!Get the latest public health information from CDC. Get the latest research from NIH. Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content:.Test models were made from Impregum impressions using direct implant-level impression copings (DR). A coordinate measuring machine was used to measure linear distortions, three-dimensional (3D) distortions, angular distortions, and absolute angular distortions between the master and test models.Interimplant angulation had a significant effect on 3D distortions and absolute angular distortions in the y-axis. Impression technique had a significant effect on absolute angular distortions in the y-axis. With DR, the NB and 3i systems were not significantly different. With INDR, 3i appeared to have less distortion than the other systems. Interimplant angulations did not significantly affect the accuracy of NBDR, 3iINDR, and STRINDR. The accuracy of INDR and DR was comparable at all interimplant angulations for 3i and STR. For NB, INDR was comparable to DR at 0 and 8 degrees but was less accurate at 15 degrees. To compare the accuracy of implant master casts fabricated using Robocast Technology (Biomet 3i) with that of master casts fabricated using traditional transfer (closed-tray) and pick-up (open-tray) techniques. Materials and methods. A stereolithographic replica of a Kennedy Class I human mandible was fabricated for use as the master model. Implants were placed into both posterior quadrants (both second premolars and second molars) and set parallel (P) on one side and divergent (nonparallel, NP) on the opposite side. Impressions were made of the master model (patient replica model) with Encode Healing Abutments, open-tray, and closed-tray impression copings. Measurements were made between the center points of the spheres and compared to the master model. Results. Encode master casts were less accurate than the open-tray casts in NP sites.http://erhmglobal.com/userfiles/3m-9100-projector-manual.xml
Encode master casts were less accurate than the open-tray and closed-tray casts in P sites. NP sites demonstrated less accuracy than P sites within the Encode group. Encode master casts were less accurate than the open- and closed-tray casts at the mandibular right second premolar site. The mandibular left second premolar was less accurate than the mandibular right second molar in the Encode group. Conclusions. Within the limitations of this lab-based study and analysis, the Encode technique resulted in master casts that were less accurate than master casts made from traditional open- and closed-tray impression techniques. Further research is necessary before specific clinical judgments can be made. Do you want to read the rest of this article. Request full-text Advertisement Citations (32) References (22). To compare the Encode impression protocol (Biomet 3i) with the conventional impression protocol in terms of treatment duration, clinical accuracy, and outcome up to the first postplacement review of single-implant crowns. A total of 45 implants were included in this study. The implants were randomly allocated to the Encode group (23 implants) or the conventional group (22 implants). At the time of surgery, all implants received two-piece Encode healing abutments. The implants were restored 3 months after insertion. In the conventional protocol, open-tray implant-level impressions were taken and the implants were restored with prefabricated abutments and porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns. For the implants in the Encode group, closed-tray impressions of the healing abutments were taken. Treatment duration (laboratory and clinical), clinical accuracy of occlusal and proximal contacts, and outcome (esthetics, patient satisfaction, and crown contour) were evaluated with the aid of a series of questionnaires. The Encode protocol required significantly less laboratory time (18 minutes) than the conventional protocol for adjustment of the abutments.http://cptcla.org/userfiles/3m-9200ic-plus-manual.xml
The impression pour time, time for the laboratory to return the crown, time for crown insertion at the final appointment, and total clinical time for crown insertion did not differ significantly between the two protocols. Likewise, clinical accuracy, esthetics, and patient satisfaction were similar for the two protocols. Conclusion. The two protocols were clinically comparable. The Encode protocol is advantageous in reducing the laboratory time before crown fabrication. The accuracy of Biomet 3i Encode Robocast Technology and conventional implant impression techniques (open tray, closed tray) was compared... The difference between the reference data (master model) and the measured data in definitive casts was analyzed for each impression technique. According to the results of that study, the deviation range for the closed tray method at the parallel side (right) was 25.The distance deviations in current study were also higher than the results found in 2 recently published studies.. Effect of coded healing abutment height and position on the trueness of digital intraoral implant scans Article Sep 2019 J PROSTHET DENT Burcu Batak Burak Yilmaz Karnik Shah Lisa Lang Statement of problem. Information regarding the effect of the height and position of a coded healing abutment (CHA) on the trueness of intraoral digital scans is lacking. Purpose. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of the height and position of a scannable CHA on the trueness (distance and angular deviations) of intraoral digital scans. Material and methods. Scannable CHAs (BellaTek Encode Impression system; Zimmer Biomet Dental) were used in 2 different height pairs (3 mm and 8 mm) on 2 implants at mandibular left second and first molar positions. Each pair was scanned 10 times by using 1 intraoral scanner (TRIOS; 3Shape) by 1 operator to generate a total of 20 intraoral scan files.http://www.drupalitalia.org/node/66442
Master standard tessellation language (STL) files were created for both 3-mm and 8-mm CHA pairs by using a structured blue light scanner (COMET L3D 8M 150 Precision Structured Blue Light Scanner; ZEISS). These master STL files were imported into a software program (PolyWorks Inspector) and were used as the reference for the inspection. Scans obtained by using the intraoral scanner were aligned to the reference scan by using a best-fit alignment to measure the distance and angular deviations. To evaluate the accuracy of a digital impression system based on parallel confocal red laser technology, taking into consideration clinical parameters such as operator experience and angulation and depth of implants. A maxillary master model with six implants (located bilaterally in the second molar, second premolar, and lateral incisor positions) was fitted with six polyether ether ketone scan bodies. One second premolar implant was placed with 30 degrees of mesial angulation; the opposite implant was positioned with 30 degrees of distal angulation. The lateral incisor implants were placed 2 or 4 mm subgingivally. Two experienced and two inexperienced operators performed intraoral scanning. Five different interimplant distances were then measured. The files obtained from the scans were imported with reverse-engineering software. Measurements were then made with a coordinate measurement machine, with values from the master model used as reference values. The deviations from the actual values were then calculated. The differences between experienced and inexperienced operators and the effects of different implant angulations and depths were compared statistically. Overall, operator 3 obtained significantly less accurate results. The angulated implants did not significantly influence accuracy compared to the parallel implants. Differences were found in the amount of error in the different quadrants.ASOMARECUADOR.COM/images/3hp22-manual.pdf
The second scanned quadrant had significantly worse results than the first scanned quadrant. Impressions of the implants placed at the tissue level were less accurate than implants placed 2 and 4 mm subgingivally. The operator affected the accuracy of measurements, but the performance of the operator was not necessarily dependent on experience. Angulated implants did not decrease the accuracy of the digital impression system tested. The scanned distance affected the predictability of the accuracy of the scanner, and the error increased with the increased length of the scanned section. View Show abstract. The accuracy of different dental impression techniques for implant-supported dental prostheses: A systematic review and meta-analysis Article Full-text available Oct 2018 CLIN ORAL IMPLAN RES Tabea Flugge Wicher Joerd van der Meer Beatriz Gimenez Gonzalez Ping Wang Aim. This systematic review and meta?analysis were conducted to assess and compare the accuracy of conventional and digital implant impressions. The review was registered on the PROSPERO register (registration number: CRD42016050730). Material and Methods. A systematic literature search was conducted adhering to PRISMA guidelines to identify studies on implant impressions published between 2012 and 2017. Experimental and clinical studies at all levels of evidence published in peer?reviewed journals were included, excluding expert opinions. Data extraction was performed along defined parameters for studied specimens, digital and conventional impression specifications and outcome assessment. Seventy?nine studies were included for the systematic review, thereof 77 experimental studies, one RCT and one retrospective study. The study setting was in vitro for most of the included studies (75 studies) and in vivo for four studies. Accuracy of conventional impressions was examined in 59 studies, whereas digital impressions were examined in 11 studies.
Nine studies compared the accuracy of conventional and digital implant impressions. Reported measurements for the accuracy include the following: (a) linear and angular deviations between reference models and test models fabricated with each impression technique; (b) three?dimensional deviations between impression posts and scan bodies respectively; and (c) fit of implant?supported frameworks, assessed by measuring marginal discrepancy along implant abutments.) Meta?analysis was performed of 62 studies. The results of conventional and digital implant impressions exhibited high values for heterogeneity. The available data for accuracy of digital and conventional implant impressions have a low evidence level and do not include sufficient data on in vivo application to derive clinical recommendations. Four customized epoxy resin master casts were fabricated with two-implant analogs placed in the posterior mandible with different degrees of divergence. For the conventional (control) group, 10 traditional impressions were taken on each master cast with custom trays, open-tray impression copings, and polyvinyl siloxane; definitive stone casts were poured with type IV dental stone. For the digital group, 10 digital impressions were taken on each master cast with two-piece scannable impression copings and an intraoral digital scanner; definitive milled polyurethane casts were fabricated by the manufacturer. All four master casts and 80 control and test casts were scanned and digitized, and the data sets were compared. Any deviations in measurements between the definitive and corresponding master casts were analyzed statistically. The amount of divergence between implants did not affect the accuracy of the stone casts created conventionally; however, it significantly affected the accuracy of the milled casts created digitally.
A decreasing linear trend in deviations for both distance and angle measurements suggested that the digital technique was more accurate when the implants diverged more. At 0 and 15 degrees of divergence, the digital method resulted in highly significantly less accurate definitive casts. At 30 and 45 degrees of divergence, however, the milled casts showed either no difference or marginal differences with casts created conventionally. The digital pathway produced less accurate definitive casts than the conventional pathway with the tested two-implant scenarios. To ensure passive fit of definitive prostheses, verification devices and casts may be used when materials are produced digitally. The iTero intraoral scanner captures the 3D location of the scan abutment via intraoral images using parallel confocal imaging and transmits this data to a centralized milling center to produce definitive casts that are used by laboratory technicians to fabricate prostheses... The reference model and each of the 20 definitive casts were scanned using a 3D laser measuring machine (D810 3D scanner, 3Shape), which has a reported accuracy of 8 ?m and has been used reliably for similar measurements in multiple recent studies. 23, 24,29 The scans were performed with high-precision custom scanning abutments (Elos Accurate Scan Bodies, Elos Medtech) attached to the implant analogs. However, some studies have found equivalent accuracy between digital and analog impression techniques.. Accuracy of Digital vs Conventional Implant Impression Approach: A Three-Dimensional Comparative In Vitro Analysis Article Jun 2017 INT J ORAL MAX IMPL Kinga Basaki Hasan Alkumru Grace M De Souza Yoav Finer Purpose. To assess the three-dimensional (3D) accuracy and clinical acceptability of implant definitive casts fabricated using a digital impression approach and to compare the results with those of a conventional impression method in a partially edentulous condition.
A mandibular reference model was fabricated with implants in the first premolar and molar positions to simulate a patient with bilateral posterior edentulism. Ten implant-level impressions per method were made using either an intraoral scanner with scanning abutments for the digital approach or an open-tray technique and polyvinylsiloxane material for the conventional approach. 3D analysis and comparison of implant location on resultant definitive casts were performed using laser scanner and quality control software. The influence of implant angulation on definitive cast accuracy was evaluated for both digital and conventional approaches. Definitive casts fabricated using the digital impression approach were less accurate than those fabricated from the conventional impression approach for this simulated clinical scenario. A significant number of definitive casts generated by the digital technique did not meet clinically acceptable accuracy for the fabrication of a multiple implant-supported restoration. Six prototype cylindrical scan bodies screwed in the implants were used to obtain an intraoral digital impression. A conventional resin tooth try-in was fabricated and digitized with an extraoral scanner, and this dataset was merged to the digital data obtained from the intraoral impression to calculate the best framework design with advanced CAD software. The framework was fabricated with a 5-axis computer numerical control milling unit. Three clinical tests (saliva intrusion, Sheffield test, and screw resistance test) were performed to assess the fit of the framework. Under 3 clinical tests, an accurate fit was observed. The case presented in this report proposes a new clinical protocol for obtaining accurate digital impressions of multiple implants. A second disadvantage is that total time to return an ISP from a laboratory is similar to a conventional protocol with a prefabricated abutment, due to the outsourcing production and the associated delivery time 25.
A third disadvantage is inaccurate positioning of an implant analog into a hole in a stone cast, due to the robotic accuracy (100 um) 22, a slightly oversized hole (0.4 mm) 24, and polymerization shrinkage of the cyanoacrylate adhesive (17.8) 23,41. Dimensional changes of impression materials 43 and dental stone 44 also increase the error... Dimensional changes of impression materials 43 and dental stone 44 also increase the error. In addition, implant divergence negatively affects the Robocast accuracy 22. The authors' objective in this case report is to describe a novel digital impression method for multiple implants involving the use of stereophotogrammetric technology. The authors present three cases of patients who had multiple implants in which the impressions were obtained with this technology. Initially, a stereo camera with an infrared flash detects the position of special flag abutments screwed into the implants. This process is based on registering the x, y and z coordinates of each implant and the distances between them. This information is converted into a stereolithographic (STL) file. To add the soft-tissue information, the user must obtain another STL file by using an intraoral or extraoral scanner. In the first case presented, this information was acquired from the plaster model with an extraoral scanner; in the second case, from a Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) file of the plaster model obtained with cone-beam computed tomography; and in the third case, through an intraoral digital impression with a confocal scanner. At follow-up appointments held six, 12 and 24 months after insertion of the prosthesis, no complications were reported. Practical Implications Clinicians can use stereophotogrammetric technology to acquire reliable digital master models as a first step in producing frameworks with a correct passive fit.
To evaluate the accuracy of two digital impression systems based on the same technology but different postprocessing correction modes of customized software, with consideration of several clinical parameters. A maxillary master model with six implants located in the second molar, second premolar, and lateral incisor positions was fitted with six cylindrical scan bodies. Scan bodies were placed at different angulations or depths apical to the gingiva. Two experienced and two inexperienced operators performed scans with either 3D Progress (MHT) or ZFX Intrascan (Zimmer Dental). Five different distances between implants (scan bodies) were measured, yielding five data points per impression and 100 per impression system. Measurements made with a high-accuracy three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine (CMM) of the master model acted as the true values. The values obtained from the digital impressions were subtracted from the CMM values to identify the deviations. The differences between experienced and inexperienced operators and implant angulation and depth were compared statistically. Experience of the operator, implant angulation, and implant depth were not associated with significant differences in deviation from the true values with both 3D Progress and ZFX Intrascan. Accuracy in the first scanned quadrant was significantly better with 3D Progress, but ZFX Intrascan presented better accuracy in the full arch. Neither of the two systems tested would be suitable for digital impression of multiple-implant prostheses. Because of the errors, further development of both systems is required. Many studies showed that number of implants affects the accuracy of the impression technique used. Several investigations advocated the direct impression technique when four or more implants are employed (52) (53) (54)(55).
Since the impression coping remains in the impression, the open tray technique reduces the effect of implant angulation, deforming the impression material upon recovery from mouth, and removes the concern of replacing the copings into the impression.. Accuracy of implant impressions using various impression techniques and impression materials Article Full-text available Jan 2016 Ravi Shankar Y Sibeka Sahoo MHari Krishna Sahil Narula View. Traditional impressions for complete-arch restorations are complex and time-consuming, and they can be uncomfortable for the patient. New digital techniques such as stereophotogrammetry may mitigate this. The purpose of this randomized controlled pilot clinical trial was to compare the patient and dentist satisfaction and work times of traditional impressions (control group) and digital impressions with stereophotogrammetry in complete-arch, implant-supported prostheses. Success rates, implant survival, marginal bone loss around the dental implants, and prosthesis survival were also analyzed. This randomized controlled pilot clinical trial included 18 participants who received 131 dental implants. Implant impressions in the experimental group were made with stereophotogrammetry (8 participants with 66 implants), while traditional impressions were made in the control group (10 participants with 65 implants). Working times were measured in minutes starting from removal of the healing abutments to their replacement after the impression. Patient and dentist satisfaction was analyzed using a questionnaire with a visual analog scale, and implant success was assessed using the Buser success criteria. Prosthesis survival was defined as the presence of the prosthesis in the mouth, without screw loosening or fracture. Intraoral scan body (ISB) design is highly variable and its role in the digital workflow and accuracy of digital impressions is not well understood.
The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the relevant reports pertaining to ISBs with regard to design and accuracy and to describe their evolution and role in the digital dentistry workflow. Special attention was placed on their key features in relation to intraoral scanning technology and the digitization process. This search included but was not limited to scan body features and design, scan body accuracy, and scan body techniques and the role of ISBs in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) processes. Commercially available scan bodies were examined, and a patient situation was shown highlighting the use of ISBs in the digital workflow. ISBs are complex implant-positioning-transfer devices that play an essential role in the digital workflow and fabrication of accurately fitting implant-supported restorations. With scanner technology rapidly evolving and becoming more widespread, future studies are needed and should be directed toward all parts of the digital workflow when using ISBs. By understanding the basic components of ISBs and how they relate to digital scanning and CAD-CAM technology, more emphasis may be placed on their importance and usage in the digital workflow to ensure accurate transfer of implant position to the virtual and analog definitive cast. Efforts should be made by clinicians to identify an optimal ISB design in relation to the specific intraoral scanning technology being used. Carr (11) reported that angulation up to 15 degrees had no effect on impression accuracy, while Jang et al. (12) reported that angulation greater than 20 degrees negatively affected the accuracy. When implant angulation was 30 degrees, Howell et al. (13) reported that the open unsplinted custom tray technique was more accurate than closed custom tray.
Similar to previous studies open unsplinted custom tray impressions showed better accuracy in comparison with closed custom tray impressions in relation to linear dimensional change between non parallel implants (A3 and A4) ( ( Table 2).. Evaluation of accuracy of various impression techniques and impression materials in recording multiple implants placed unilaterally in a partially edentulous mandible- An in vitro study Article Full-text available Apr 2018 G Parameshwari Samuel B Chittaranjan N Sudhirchary M Ramureddy Background. Various factors like implant angulation, type of impression material and tray type affects the implant impression accuracy. To date limited in-vitro studies were carried out on the implant impression accuracy of unilateral partially edentulous arches. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of 0o, 15o and 25o implant angulations on impression accuracy in simulated master casts of unilateral partially edentulous situation using different impression materials and tray selections. Specific dimensions of the resultant casts were measured using coordinated measuring microscope. Mean linear changes were calculated and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post-hoc procedures (p View Show abstract. To evaluate the influence of implant scanbody (ISB) material, position and operator on the accuracy of a confocal microscopy intraoral scanning (IOS) for complete-arch implant impression. Methods. An edentulous maxillary model with 6 internal hexagonal connection analogues was scanned with an extraoral optical scanner to achieve a reference file. Three ISBs made of different materials (polyetheretherketone (Pk), titanium (T) and Pk with a titanium base (Pkt)) were scanned with IOS by 3 operators. The resulting 45 test files were aligned to the reference file with a best fit algorithm. Linear (?X, ?Y and ?Z-axis) and angular deviations (?ANGLE) were assessed.
Absolute values of the linear discrepancies were summed up to obtain a global measure of linear absolute error (?ASS). Influence of ISB material, position and operator was statistically assessed using the mixed general linear model. At multivariate analysis, when?ASS was considered as response variable, it was identified a significant influence of material (p View Show abstract. Em vez de um transferente para transmitir a posicao do implante a um modelo, e necessario um corpo de escaneamento no processo digital, que pode ser escaneado de uma maneira efi caz intraoralmente 79. A correta realizacao desse procedimento e indispensavel para a confeccao de restauracoes indiretas com adaptacao marginal adequada, na qual o desajuste marginal e considerado clinicamente aceitavel com valores entre 100 a 150 ?m 4, e que contribua para a manutencao da saude periodontal, preservando o espaco biologico 3-4. Por conseguinte, diminui-se o risco de infi ltracao marginal, contribuindo para a manutencao da longevidade da restauracao 5-7. A precisao do material de moldagem, tanto no aspecto dimensional, quanto na reproducao de detalhes, e pre-requisito essencial para moldagens satisfatorias. A precisao na copia de detalhes para a obtencao dos modelos de trabalho e uma necessidade importante na pratica odontologica, pois e nessa fase que as informacoes que estao na boca do paciente resultarao na reabilitacao fi nal. A precisao nessa fase resultara em uma restauracao bem adaptada, que somada ao correto plano de tratamento, garantira o sucesso e a longevidade dos trabalhos proteticos. A utilizacao de materiais de moldagem fi eis e de facil manuseio para reproduzir os preparos dentais, que estao cada vez mais minuciosos e conservadores, e imprescindivel, independente do tipo de trabalho, e a moldagem deve ser cuidado-samente planejada e executada 8-9.
Apesar da grande melhora na manipulacao e precisao dos atuais materiais de moldagem, um problema ainda recorrente e a qualidade na obtencao de moldagens e modelos fi eis para a confeccao de proteses dentarias 10-11. This paper describes a simplified impression technique for fabricating anatomical, cement-retained abutments without removing or inserting implant components. Using digitally coded healing abutments, this protocol bridges the gap between traditional impressions and computer-aided abutment manufacturing. Basic logistic considerations are reviewed, as well as other biomechanic and esthetic advantages, that should optimize overall treatment outcomes. View Show abstract Accuracy of Implant Impressions for Partially and Completely Edentulous Patients: A Systematic Review Article Full-text available Jul 2014 INT J ORAL MAX IMPL Panos Papaspyridakos Chun-Jung Chen German O. Gallucci Vasilios Chronopoulos Purpose. To compare the accuracy of digital and conventional impression techniques for partially and completely edentulous patients and to determine the effect of different variables on the accuracy outcomes. An electronic and manual search was conducted to identify studies reporting on the accuracy of implant impressions. Pooled data were descriptively analyzed. Factors affecting the accuracy were identified, and their impact on accuracy outcomes was assessed. The 76 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria featured 4 clinical studies and 72 in vitro studies. Studies were grouped according to edentulism; 41 reported on completely edentulous and 35 on partially edentulous patients. For completely edentulous patients, most in vitro studies and all three clinical studies demonstrated better accuracy with the splinted vs the nonsplinted technique (15 studies, splint; 1, nonsplint; 9, no difference).